Neurodivergent is an umbrella term for people whose brain wiring differs
from what's typical — autistic, ADHD, dyslexic, dyspraxic, dyscalculic, OCD, Tourette's,
twice-exceptional (2e), and others. The term was coined by Kassiane Asasumasu and
popularized by Nick Walker (2021); it's the current advocacy-community consensus for the
umbrella category.
Neurotypical describes people whose brain wiring matches the statistical
majority. It's a descriptive category, not a value judgment.
Neurodiversity is the broader paradigm — the recognition that brain
variation is natural human variation (Singer 1998; den Houting 2019; Dwyer 2022). Like
biodiversity, neurodiversity is a property of populations, not individuals.
A note on language. Throughout this page we use identity-first language
("autistic kid", "ADHD learner", "dyslexic kid") rather than person-first language ("kid
with autism"). This is the current preference of the majority of autistic, ADHD, and
dyslexic adults per Botha 2022 / Bury 2020 / Kenny 2016 and per ASAN, CHADD, LDA, and
Decoding Dyslexia consensus. Some individuals prefer person-first; we respect both — the
page default is identity-first.
For more depth, see
NAMI,
Autism Society,
CHADD, or
Decoding Dyslexia.